Part 7 - Rules for Installations and Special Locations
Electrical installations in special environments, such as bathrooms, require strict rules to ensure user safety. The specificities of these spaces, like the presence of water, increase the risk of electric shocks. This part explores the specific requirements for such locations.
CHAPTER 7.1. LOCATIONS CONTAINING A BATHTUB OR SHOWER
Section 7.1.1. Scope of Application
The rules presented here apply to bathrooms, shower rooms, and any space containing a bathtub or shower. They aim to prevent electrical risks in areas where the combination of water and electricity poses a heightened danger.
Protect users by limiting electrical installations in specific areas around water sources.
Section 7.1.2. Terms and Definitions
Key terms to understand the requirements of this section:
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Volume 0 | Area inside the bathtub or shower tray. |
| Volume 1 | Area above the bathtub up to 2.25 m in height. |
| Volume 2 | Area surrounding Volume 1, extending up to 0.6 m around it. |
| Equipotential Bonding | Metallic connections that reduce the electrical potential difference between elements. |
Section 7.1.3. Determining General Characteristics − Volume Classification
Subsection 7.1.3.1. Volumes
Safety volumes define the boundaries within which certain equipment can be installed. These volumes are crucial for determining the required levels of protection:
- Volume 0: Limited to the inside of the bathtub or shower tray. No electrical installation is permitted, except for specific extra-low voltage devices.
- Volume 1: Above Volume 0, up to a height of 2.25 m. Only equipment specifically designed for this volume is allowed.
- Volume 2: Surrounds Volume 1 for a distance of 0.6 m, allowing a wider choice of devices but with restrictions.
Subsection 7.1.3.2. Dimensions of Volumes − Plan View
The dimensions of the volumes in plan view define the lateral extent of each volume around the bathtub or shower. Depending on the distance and the area:
- Volume 0: Limited to the interior of the bathtub or shower tray.
- Volume 1: Extends vertically from the bathtub.
- Volume 2: Extends laterally, ensuring that any socket or switch is at a safe distance.
Subsection 7.1.3.3. Dimensions of Volumes − Elevation View
In elevation view, each volume is assessed in height to ensure the safety of installations in relation to water sources. Electrical devices must adhere to minimum height requirements in Zones 1 and 2.
Section 7.1.4. Protection Against Electric Shocks
Subsection 7.1.4.1. Protection of Installations in Bathrooms and Shower Rooms
Installations must protect users from electric shocks by:
- Automatic tripping of residual current devices (RCDs) in case of current faults.
- Equipment with appropriate protection rating (minimum IPX4 for certain volumes).
Subsection 7.1.4.2. Protection Against Indirect Contacts Using Extra-Low Voltage
Extra-low voltage (ELV) is often recommended in wet areas to prevent indirect contact. It reduces risks by using a voltage below 50V AC, making shocks less dangerous.
Subsection 7.1.4.3. Protection Against Direct Contacts − Equipment Protection Rating
Installed devices must have an adequate IP protection rating to prevent water ingress. For example:
| Volume | Minimum Protection Rating |
|---|---|
| Volume 0 | IPX7 (immersion) |
| Volume 1 | IPX4 (water splashes) |
| Volume 2 | IPX4 or higher |
Subsection 7.1.4.4. Additional Equipotential Bonding
Additional equipotential bonding is required to create a potential balance between metallic elements. It reduces the risk of shocks in case of a potential difference:
- Application: Must be installed between metallic elements such as pipes, faucets, and equipment connected to the grounding system.
Subsection 7.1.4.5. Embedded Heating Elements in Floors
Underfloor heating systems in bathrooms must include thermal protections to prevent overheating risks. Depending on the type of heating:
- Electrical heating elements: Require overload protection and perfect insulation to prevent shocks.
Section 7.1.5. Selection and Installation of Electrical Equipment
The selection of equipment depends on its exposure to external influences, such as humidity and steam.
In bathrooms, the installation of equipment must comply with safety zones and IP protection ratings to avoid electric shock risks.
To enhance safety in bathrooms, prioritize the use of ELV protection devices and equipment with high protection ratings.
Subsection 7.1.5.1. External Influences
For each type of volume:
- Volume 0: Strictly limited to sealed, extra-low voltage devices.
- Volume 1: Allows certain specific devices with IPX4 protection or higher.
- Volume 2: A wider range of devices is permitted, but all must be suitable for possible exposure to moisture.
External influences, such as temperature and humidity, must be considered to ensure a durable and safe installation. This ensures that every installed element can withstand the conditions of use in areas containing water.
💧 Good to Know: Bathrooms are subject to high levels of humidity and steam. The materials and equipment installed should be chosen based on their resistance to external influences to guarantee long life and continuous safety.
Subsection 7.1.5.2. Electrical Conduits
Electrical conduits in bathrooms and shower areas must follow strict rules for protection against moisture and splashing. Conduits are often installed in walls or ceilings to minimize the risk of direct water contact. It is essential that ducts, pipes, or conduits are suitable for the zones in which they are installed:
- Volume 1: Conduits require high water protection (IPX4).
- Volume 2: Conduits may be exposed to moisture and must meet a minimum of IPX3.
Additionally, the conduits should ideally be made of corrosion-resistant materials to ensure the longevity of the installation.
⚠️ Material Warning: The conduits used must be made of anti-corrosion materials to prevent long-term degradation in a humid environment.
Subsection 7.1.5.3. Electrical Equipment
The electrical equipment used in bathrooms and showers must be designed to withstand the specific conditions of the environment. This includes devices such as:
- Switches and sockets: Must be installed outside Zones 0 and 1. If absolutely necessary in close areas, only extra-low voltage safety (ELV) devices are permitted.
- Lighting devices: Must comply with IP protection standards, particularly for luminaires located in Volumes 1 and 2 (minimum IPX4).
:::example 💡 Practical Example: In a bathroom, luminaires installed near the shower must have an IP44 rating at minimum, ensuring resistance against splashes and steam.
Section 7.1.6. Specific Rules for Bathrooms and Shower Rooms in Non-Domestic Installations
Bathrooms in non-domestic environments (hotels, sports facilities, etc.) require stricter rules due to intensive usage. For these installations:
- Increased monitoring: Regular checks of installation compliance are necessary.
- Specific equipment: Devices must have higher protection ratings (often IPX5 for high-traffic non-domestic locations).
- Additional equipotential bonding: Special attention is given to additional equipotential bonding to prevent shock risks.
🔍 Best Practices: In hotels, regular checks of electrical equipment in bathrooms help maintain safety and compliance with regulations while reducing the risk of incidents.
CHAPTER 7.2. SWIMMING POOLS
Section 7.2.1. Scope of Application
This chapter applies to electrical installations in swimming pools and similar aquatic environments. The goal is to minimize the risk of electric shock and ensure user safety. Pools require stricter safety standards due to the increased conductivity of water.
🌊 Reminder: Installations around pools must comply with reinforced safety standards due to constant water contact.
Section 7.2.2. Determining General Characteristics − Volume Classification
Installations around pools are classified into safety volumes, similar to bathrooms but with specific distances adapted for pools:
| Volume | Definition |
|---|---|
| Volume 0 | The interior of the pool, including its walls and floor. |
| Volume 1 | Area extending up to 2.5 m above the pool and 2 m around it. |
| Volume 2 | Area extending up to 1.5 m around Volume 1. |
These classifications help define which equipment can be installed and under what protection.
Section 7.2.3. Protection Against Electric Shocks
Subsection 7.2.3.1. Protection Against Indirect Contacts Using Extra-Low Voltage
To minimize shock risks, the use of extra-low voltage (ELV) is highly recommended in and around swimming pools. This measure ensures that even in the case of accidental contact, the current would be insufficient to cause a dangerous shock.
- Maximum Voltage: Approximately 12V AC (alternating current) or 30V DC (direct current).
- Applications: Used for lighting and certain cleaning devices.
:::example 🔋 Practical Example: Submerged pool lights typically use ELV to minimize the risk of shock in the event of accidental contact.
Subsection 7.2.3.2. Protection Against Direct Contacts − Equipment Protection Rating
Electrical equipment must have a high IP protection rating to prevent water ingress and contact with conductive elements. For example:
- Volume 0: IPX8 required for submerged devices.
- Volume 1: Minimum of IPX5 for devices installed near the pool.
🚨 Important: Using inappropriate equipment without adequate IP protection can lead to serious risks of short circuits and electric shocks.
Subsection 7.2.3.3. Safety Separation of Circuits
Safety separation of circuits isolates electrical circuits dedicated to the pool from those supplying other areas, reducing risks in the event of failure. For example:
- Isolation transformers: Used for pool equipment to avoid direct connection with the main network.
- Independent power supply: Devices located in Volumes 0 and 1 must be powered by separate circuits.
Subsection 7.2.3.4. Additional Equipotential Bonding
To reduce the risks of potential differences, additional equipotential bonding is implemented around swimming pools. It connects all accessible metallic parts to prevent electric shocks:
| Elements to Connect | Examples |
|---|---|
| Metal structures | Stairs, ladders, railings |
| Filtration equipment | Pumps, heating systems |
| Nearby metallic parts | Handrails, drainage grilles |
Section 7.2.4. Selection and Installation of Electrical Equipment
Subsection 7.2.4.1. External Influences
Pools and their surroundings are exposed to various external influences that must be considered when selecting and installing equipment:
- Humidity and splashes: Choose water-resistant equipment with high protection ratings (minimum IPX5).
- Chemical exposure: Due to the use of substances like chlorine, the material must be corrosion-resistant.
- UV radiation: Outdoor installations around pools must be protected against UV rays to prevent material degradation.
🛠️ Safety Tip: Use equipment specifically designed for pool environments, resistant not only to water but also to chemicals and UV rays, to ensure long life and enhanced safety.
Subsection 7.2.4.2. Electrical Conduits
Electrical conduits in pools require specific precautions to prevent any risk of contact with water. Due to high ambient humidity, conduits must be corrosion-resistant and installed in a way that avoids direct splashes.
- Use PVC or galvanized steel conduits to limit the impact of humidity.
- These materials offer better longevity and increased resistance to the humid conditions of the pool environment.
- Routing: Conduits are preferably embedded or fixed overhead to minimize exposure to direct splashes.
Conduits located near the pool must meet high protection standards (IPX4 or IPX5).
A careful installation ensures user safety and extends the durability of the electrical installations around pools.
Subsection 7.2.4.3. Electrical Equipment
The electrical equipment used around pools must meet specific protection requirements:
- Waterproof equipment: All equipment used in Volumes 0, 1, and 2 must be waterproof with an adequate protection rating (minimum IPX5 for equipment in Volume 1).
- Chemical resistance: Due to maintenance products (chlorine, salt), the equipment must be resistant to chemical corrosion.
- Extra-Low Voltage (ELV): Recommended for lighting and devices located in Volumes 0 and 1 to minimize the risk of electric shock.
:::example Practical Example 🌐 For lighting around the pool, prioritize ELV luminaires with an IP68 rating. This ensures safety even if the light is submerged or regularly exposed to splashes. :::
These devices must be designed to withstand the specific conditions of the pool environment, ensuring installation safety.
Section 7.2.5. Specific Rules
Subsection 7.2.5.1. Private Pools in Domestic Installations
For private pools, safety rules are slightly relaxed, but certain essential protections remain:
- Residual current devices (RCDs): Use high-sensitivity residual current switches (30 mA) to prevent the risk of electrocution.
- Equipotential bonding: Mandatory connection of all metallic elements to avoid dangerous potential differences.
- Regular maintenance: Periodic checks of the protection devices' functionality and the integrity of conduits.
Subsection 7.2.5.2. Balneotherapy Installations
Balneotherapy installations share similarities with pools but require additional protections due to the specific equipment used.
- High IP protection rating: All equipment must be at least IPX5.
- ELV circuits: Use extra-low voltage circuits for the areas most exposed to splashes.
- Heating devices: Water heating systems must be monitored and equipped with protections to prevent overheating and leaks.
CHAPTER 7.3. SAUNAS
Section 7.3.1. Scope of Application
The rules in this section apply to saunas installed in private homes, sports facilities, or public venues. Due to the high temperatures, these installations require special precautions.
Section 7.3.2. Determining General Characteristics
Subsection 7.3.2.1. Volumes
In a sauna, electrical installations are divided into specific volumes, similar to those used for bathrooms and pools:
| Volume | Definition |
|---|---|
| Volume 1 | Inside the sauna, up to a height of 2.5 m. |
| Volume 2 | Area immediately outside the sauna. |
These volumes dictate what type of equipment can be used and under which protections.
Subsection 7.3.2.2. External Influences
External influences in a sauna include:
- Intense heat: Electrical equipment must be designed to withstand high temperatures.
- Humidity: Steam increases the risk of condensation on equipment, requiring enhanced protection.
Section 7.3.3. Protection Against Electric Shocks
Protection against electric shocks in saunas relies on the use of extra-low voltage (ELV) circuits and reinforced insulation. Safety devices are specially designed to withstand high temperatures without compromising electrical protection.
Section 7.3.4. Selection and Installation of Electrical Equipment
Subsection 7.3.4.1. Protection Rating of Electrical Equipment
The equipment installed in saunas must have a sufficient protection rating to prevent steam ingress and withstand high temperatures.
| Volume | Minimum Protection Rating |
|---|---|
| Volume 1 | IP44 minimum |
Equipment should be installed in a way that avoids direct contact with users, ensuring increased safety during sauna use.
CHAPTER 7.4. CONSTRUCTION SITES AND OUTDOOR INSTALLATIONS
Section 7.4.1. Scope of Application
This chapter concerns temporary electrical installations on construction sites and outdoor installations:
- Construction sites: Installations must be robust to withstand harsh conditions (dust, moisture).
- Outdoor installations: Require protection against weather, humidity, and temperature variations.
These installations must be designed to ensure the safety of workers and the public, while allowing for quick and effective maintenance.
Section 7.4.2. Protection Against Electric Shocks
Subsection 7.4.2.1. Protection Against Electric Shocks by Automatic Disconnection of Supply
Automatic disconnection of supply is essential in construction environments, where conditions are often variable and may present increased risks of electric shock. In case of a fault, this system immediately interrupts the power supply to reduce the risk of indirect contact with live parts.
- Residual Current Devices (RCDs): Installing residual current devices (30 mA for construction sites) is recommended to protect against shocks by quickly cutting off the power.
- Grounding: Equipment must be effectively grounded to direct fault currents to the ground in case of failure.
- Regular testing: Automatic disconnection devices should be periodically tested to ensure proper functioning.
Subsection 7.4.2.2. Protection Against Electric Shocks Using Extra-Low Voltage
In certain cases, the use of extra-low voltage (ELV) can offer an effective alternative, especially in areas with water and humidity. ELV reduces the risk of electrocution even in case of contact with live parts.
- ELV ≤ 50V AC: This voltage level is generally used for site lighting and small devices to minimize shock risks.
- Reinforced insulation: ELV installations must be well insulated to prevent even minor current leaks.
Section 7.4.3. Selection and Installation of Electrical Equipment
Subsection 7.4.3.1. External Influences
External influences on a construction site may include humidity, dust, temperature variations, and physical shocks. These conditions must be considered when selecting materials.
- Choose a high IP rating (e.g., IP44 or IP65) for exposed equipment.
- Ensures durability against the harsh conditions of the construction site.
- Durability: The materials used must withstand impacts and frequent mechanical stress in this type of environment.
- Chemical resistance: On industrial sites, equipment may be exposed to corrosive substances.
Subsection 7.4.3.2. Electrical Conduits
Electrical conduits on construction sites must be robust enough to prevent damage from constant movement and frequent handling of equipment.
- Armored or protected conduits: Recommended to prevent crushing and punctures.
- Underground cabling: When possible, underground cabling with protective sleeves can reduce the risk of damage.
- Bright color: Cables should be highly visible, often in bright colors, to prevent accidental cuts or damage.
Subsection 7.4.3.3. Electrical Equipment
Electrical equipment must be carefully selected to ensure its reliability and safety in tough environments. Key considerations include:
- Waterproof equipment: Equipment exposed to the outdoors or humid conditions must be at least IPX4.
- Portable residual current devices: Used to protect workers from accidental contact.
- Vibration resistance: In certain construction sites, equipment must also withstand vibrations and shocks.
CHAPTER 7.6. CONFINED CONDUCTIVE ENCLOSURES
Section 7.6.1. Scope of Application
Confined conductive enclosures refer to narrow working spaces made entirely or partially of conductive materials (such as metal tanks or reservoirs). These locations present increased risks of electric shock and require specific precautions.
Section 7.6.2. Terms and Definitions
In the context of confined conductive enclosures, the following terms are essential:
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Direct contact | Physical contact with a live part. |
| Indirect contact | Contact with a metallic mass that becomes live due to insulation failure. |
| Equipotential bonding | Connection of all conductive parts to prevent potential differences. |
Section 7.6.3. Protection Against Electric Shocks
Protection against electric shocks in confined conductive enclosures mainly relies on automatic disconnection of the power supply and the use of extra-low voltage (ELV).
- Recommended ELV: Use of ELV circuits (24V DC or 50V AC) to mitigate risks related to direct contact.
- Residual current devices (RCDs): Installation of highly sensitive RCDs (≤ 30 mA) to quickly detect any leakage currents.
- Equipotential bonding: All metallic parts must be interconnected to prevent dangerous potential differences.
Section 7.6.4. Selection and Installation of Electrical Equipment
Subsection 7.6.4.1. External Influences
In confined enclosures, external influences include:
- Condensation: Risk of condensation in humid and narrow environments.
- Excessive heat: Some spaces may experience high temperatures, requiring heat-resistant equipment.
- Humidity: Constant humidity may necessitate a high protection rating (IPX5 or higher).
Subsection 7.6.4.2. Electrical Conduits
Electrical conduits in confined enclosures must be specifically chosen to withstand the harsh environmental conditions.
- Reinforced insulation: Cables and conduits must have additional insulation to withstand humidity.
- Secure fixing: Conduits should be firmly attached to prevent any movement.
- Non-corrosive materials: In a typically humid and narrow environment, conduits must be made of corrosion-resistant materials.
Proper selection of materials and protective measures in confined conductive enclosures ensures optimal safety for workers by minimizing risks of electric shocks and incidents.
CHAPTER 7.8. CAMPSITES
Section 7.8.1. Scope of Application
The electrical installations at campsites are designed to ensure the safety of campers and visitors, covering both the connection points at pitches and common area installations. They must meet the specific conditions of outdoor environments, where exposure to weather, moisture, and direct contact risks is high.
Section 7.8.2. Connection Point
The connection point at campsites is a terminal where campers can plug in their equipment. This point must be:
- Accessible and visible: To facilitate safe plugging and unplugging.
- Equipped with overload protection: Circuit breakers or fuses to prevent overloading and short circuits.
- Fitted with residual current devices (30 mA): This protection is crucial for detecting leakage currents.
Connection points must be spaced out and properly installed to minimize the risk of accidents and ensure convenient use for all campers.
Section 7.8.3. Protection Against Electric Shocks
Protection against electric shocks is crucial to prevent risks associated with moisture and outdoor use.
- Residual current devices (RCDs): For rapid disconnection in case of leakage currents.
- Extra-low voltage (ELV): Recommended in sensitive installations to reduce the risk of contact with live parts.
- Grounding: All installations must be properly grounded to minimize the risk of electrocution.
Section 7.8.4. Selection and Installation of Electrical Equipment
Subsection 7.8.4.1. External Influences
Given that campsites are outdoor settings, external influences include:
- Humidity and water splashes: A high protection rating (e.g., IP44 or higher) is required for equipment exposed to rain.
- Temperature variations: Materials must withstand temperature fluctuations.
- Presence of animals and insects: Protection against pests may be necessary.
Subsection 7.8.4.2. Electrical Equipment
The electrical equipment used in campsites must be suited for outdoor conditions and meet safety standards:
- Weatherproof sockets and enclosures: To prevent risks in case of rain or high humidity.
- Durable wiring: Cables protected against wear and climatic conditions.
- Non-conductive materials: When possible, to reduce the risk of electric shock.
CHAPTER 7.9. MARINAS
Section 7.9.1. Scope of Application
Electrical installations in marinas cover docks and areas where boats connect for power supply. The main objective is to ensure stable power delivery while minimizing the risk of electrocution in water-exposed environments.
Section 7.9.2. Protection Against Electric Shocks
In marinas, protection against electric shocks relies on:
- Residual current devices (RCDs, 30 mA): To detect any current leakage.
- Grounding: Equipment must be effectively grounded to direct fault currents safely.
- Cable routing away from water: Minimize potential contact with water using secure conduits.
Section 7.9.3. Selection and Installation of Electrical Equipment
Subsection 7.9.3.1. External Influences
The external influences to consider in marinas include:
- Corrosion from saltwater: Corrosion-resistant materials, like stainless steel, are often required.
- Constant humidity: Equipment must be waterproof (IP65 or higher).
- Extreme temperatures: Temperature variations require resilient equipment.
Subsection 7.9.3.2. Electrical Equipment
The electrical equipment in marinas must be highly resistant to moisture and corrosion:
- IP65-rated sockets and enclosures: Designed to withstand water and salt spray.
- Reinforced wiring: Suitable for humid and saline environments.
- Short-circuit protection: Devices must include overload protection mechanisms.
Note: Chapter 7.10 Not Present
We inform our readers that there is no Chapter 7.10 in the Belgian Electrical Regulations (RGIE) ⚠️. The structure of the RGIE is carefully organized to address specific topics related to electrical installations, and sometimes sections may be missing or omitted.
Why Skip from 7.9 to 7.11?
The transition from Chapter 7.9, which covers marina installations, to Chapter 7.11 on specific rules for other types of installations, may seem confusing. Here are a few possible reasons:
Revisions and updates 🔄: During revisions of the RGIE, certain sections may have been modified, removed, or reorganized to better meet current safety and compliance needs.
Specific regulations 🛠️: It is possible that Chapter 7.10 was initially planned, but after reevaluation, its content was deemed unnecessary and subsequently excluded.
Adaptation to evolving standards 🌍: Safety standards evolve continuously, and the RGIE must adapt to new technological realities and industry best practices.
We encourage you to explore the existing chapters for detailed information on current regulations and their practical applications. If you have any questions about the missing chapter or any other aspect of the RGIE, feel free to contact us at docs@bativolt.com 📧.
CHAPTER 7.11. FAIRGROUND INSTALLATIONS
Section 7.11.1. Scope of Application
Fairground electrical installations cover rides, booths, and temporary equipment used at fairs. These installations must be safe, even when frequently assembled and disassembled, and must comply with safety standards:
- Power supply: Rides and equipment require reliable and safe power.
- Protection against electrical contacts: Installations must be protected to prevent accidental contact with live parts.
- Ease of assembly and disassembly: Temporary installations must allow quick assembly and disassembly without compromising safety.
Regularly inspect the state of installations before each event to ensure compliance with safety standards.
Section 7.11.2. Protection Against Electric Shocks
For fairground installations, protection against electric shocks must be stringent to address the specific conditions of these temporary and often wet environments. Key measures include:
-
Automatic disconnection devices:
- Installations must be equipped with protection devices that automatically cut off power in case of short circuits or ground faults.
-
Enhanced insulation protection:
- Due to the temporary nature of the installations, high-quality insulation is essential to reduce the risk of electrocution.
-
Physical barriers:
- When live equipment is accessible to the public, physical barriers or protective enclosures must be used to prevent direct contact.
| Protection Measure | Description |
|---|---|
| Automatic disconnection | Devices to interrupt the current in case of faults. |
| Enhanced insulation | High-quality insulation materials to prevent electric shocks. |
| Physical barriers | Obstacles or enclosures to block direct access to live parts. |
It is crucial to regularly test the protection devices to ensure proper functioning, especially before each event.
CHAPTER 7.22. POWER SUPPLY FOR ELECTRIC ROAD VEHICLES
Section 7.22.1. Scope of Application
This section covers electrical installations for supplying power to electric vehicles in residential areas, public spaces, and commercial locations. It aims to define installation rules, required equipment, and safety standards for electric vehicle charging stations.
Section 7.22.2. Terms and Definitions
Certain specific terms are essential for understanding electric vehicle charging installations, such as:
- Charging station: A device that provides the electrical connection between the distribution network and the vehicle.
- Emergency cut-off: A rapid disconnection mechanism to interrupt the power supply in case of danger.
- Decentralized low-voltage production unit: A decentralized energy source, such as a solar panel, capable of directly powering an electric vehicle.
These definitions help clarify the safety requirements and standard equipment used in charging stations.
Section 7.22.3. Determining General Characteristics – Installation Division
The division of installations is necessary to adapt charging and safety requirements for each location:
- Residential charging stations: Typically intended for private use, these stations have limited power and are designed for simple and safe installation in domestic spaces.
- Public and commercial charging stations: Often equipped with payment systems and must meet higher safety standards, including automatic disconnection devices and surge protection.
It is essential that each installation is configured according to the specific location and intended use to ensure optimal compatibility and safety.
Ensure that all installations comply with current standards to avoid risks of electrical accidents.
Section 7.22.4. Protection Measures
Subsection 7.22.4.1. Protection Against Indirect Contact
Indirect contact refers to situations where a person touches a conductive part without directly contacting a live part. To prevent these risks:
- Residual current devices (RCDs): These devices cut off the power supply in case of current leakage, protecting against indirect contacts.
- Grounding systems: Properly grounded wiring directs fault currents away from users.
Regularly check the integrity of grounding systems to ensure their effectiveness.
Subsection 7.22.4.2. Protection Against Overcurrent
Protection against overcurrent ensures that circuits are not exposed to excessive currents that could damage equipment or cause fires:
- Appropriate circuit breakers: The circuit breakers used must handle the load peaks inherent to electric vehicle charging.
- Overload control: Each installation should include devices to prevent prolonged overloads.
| Protection Measure | Function |
|---|---|
| Residual current device | Cuts off power in case of current leakage. |
| Circuit breakers | Protect against overloads and overcurrent. |
It is crucial to choose circuit breakers that match the power rating of the charging stations to prevent any risk of failure.
Section 7.22.5. Selection and Installation of Electrical Equipment
Subsection 7.22.5.1. External Influences
Charging stations must be adapted to the environmental conditions in which they are installed. For example:
- Protection against rain and humidity: A high protection rating (IP65 or higher) is recommended for outdoor installations.
- Temperature resilience: Charging stations must operate reliably across a wide temperature range, from -20°C to +40°C.
Subsection 7.22.5.2. Emergency Power Cut-Off
The emergency power cut-off is an essential device for charging stations. It allows:
- Quick disconnection in case of an accident or failure.
- Easy access for users, with emergency buttons located in visible and accessible places.
:::example Practical Examples 📌
- Install emergency cut-off buttons in strategic locations to facilitate access when needed.
- Educate users on the location and operation of emergency cut-off devices. :::
Section 7.22.3. Determining General Characteristics – Installation Division
The division of installations is necessary to adapt charging and safety requirements for each location:
- Residential charging stations: Typically intended for private use, these stations have limited power and are designed for simple and safe installation in domestic spaces.
- Public and commercial charging stations: Often equipped with payment systems and must meet the highest safety standards, including automatic disconnection devices and surge protection.
It is essential that each installation is configured according to the specific location and intended use to ensure optimal compatibility and safety.
Ensure that all installations comply with current standards to prevent the risk of electrical accidents.
Section 7.22.4. Protection Measures
Subsection 7.22.4.1. Protection Against Indirect Contact
Indirect contact refers to situations where a person touches a conductive part without directly contacting a live part. To prevent these risks:
- Residual current devices (RCDs): These devices cut off the power supply in case of current leakage, protecting against indirect contact.
- Grounding systems: Properly grounded wiring directs fault currents away from users.
Regularly check the integrity of grounding systems to ensure their effectiveness.
Subsection 7.22.4.2. Protection Against Overcurrent
Protection against overcurrent ensures that circuits are not exposed to excessive currents that could damage equipment or cause fires:
- Appropriate circuit breakers: Circuit breakers used must handle the load peaks inherent to electric vehicle charging.
- Overload control: Each installation should include devices to prevent prolonged overloads.
| Protection Measure | Function |
|---|---|
| Residual current device | Cuts off power in case of current leakage. |
| Circuit breakers | Protect against overloads and overcurrent. |
It is crucial to choose circuit breakers that match the power rating of the charging stations to avoid any risk of failure.
Section 7.22.5. Selection and Installation of Electrical Equipment
Subsection 7.22.5.1. External Influences
Charging stations must be adapted to the environmental conditions in which they are installed. For example:
- Protection against rain and humidity: A high protection rating (IP65 or higher) is recommended for outdoor installations.
- Temperature resilience: Charging stations must operate reliably across a wide temperature range, from -20°C to +40°C.
Subsection 7.22.5.2. Emergency Power Cut-Off
The emergency power cut-off is an essential device for charging stations. It allows:
- Quick disconnection in case of an accident or failure.
- Easy access for users, with emergency buttons located in visible and accessible places.
:::example Practical Examples 📌
- Install emergency cut-off buttons in strategic locations to facilitate access when needed.
- Educate users on the location and operation of emergency cut-off devices. :::
Subsection 7.22.5.3. Connection Point
The connection point must be designed for easy and secure plugging:
- Safety standards: The connection point must comply with IEC standards to prevent accidental contact with live parts.
- Cabling: Cables must be rated for high currents and withstand outdoor conditions.
| Aspect | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Weather resistance | IP65 or higher for outdoor installations. |
| Cabling | Must withstand overloads and wear. |
Subsection 7.22.5.4. Decentralized Low-Voltage Production Units
Decentralized production units (such as solar panels) can supply energy to charging stations and provide continuous power even during outages. They:
- Reduce dependence on the grid: Allow partial charging during power failures.
- Promote greener energy: By integrating a renewable energy source for vehicle charging.
These units must comply with decentralized production standards to ensure proper operation and user safety.
CHAPTER 7.100. FOUNTAINS AND OTHER WATER FEATURES
Section 7.100.1. Scope of Application
This section covers electrical installations for fountains and other water features, including public, private, and decorative water bodies. It defines safety standards to minimize risks of electrocution and fire. It applies to both submersible lighting systems and pumps, as well as other equipment installed in or near the water.
Section 7.100.2. Determining General Characteristics – Volume Classification
The volumes in aquatic installations, such as fountains, are classified into zones, each with specific requirements for electrical protection:
- Volume 0: Includes the interior of the basin or fountain, where all electrical equipment must be specially designed for immersion.
- Volume 1: The area located at a certain height above the water. Equipment must meet high protection requirements against water ingress.
- Volume 2: The area surrounding the basin, generally accessible to the public, where additional protections are required to prevent electric shocks.
These classifications help define the appropriate equipment and ensure the safety of users and maintenance personnel.
Section 7.100.3. Protection Against Electric Shocks
Subsection 7.100.3.1. Protection Against Indirect Contact Using Extra-Low Voltage (ELV)
The use of extra-low voltage (ELV) is essential for preventing indirect contacts in aquatic installations, as it significantly reduces the risk of electrocution:
- Recommended usage: ELV circuits are specifically recommended for devices in direct contact with water (e.g., submersible lighting) and for equipment near the surface.
- Voltage requirements: The voltage used should be below 12 V in water, thus limiting any dangers related to electrical leaks.
Ensure that all installed equipment meets ELV requirements to provide maximum safety in aquatic environments.
Subsection 7.100.3.2. Protection Against Direct Contact – Equipment Protection Rating
Direct contact with electrical equipment can be hazardous, particularly in aquatic environments. To mitigate these risks:
- Protection Rating (IP): Equipment must have an IP68 rating, ensuring total waterproofing.
- Insulated assemblies: All wiring and connections must be fully insulated to prevent accidental contact with live parts.
Regularly inspect all equipment installed in aquatic environments to ensure compliance with IP protection standards.
Subsection 7.100.3.3. Safety Separation of Circuits
The safety separation of electrical circuits is crucial to minimize interference between electrical devices in fountains and water features:
- Physical separation of circuits: Circuits powering submerged equipment must be isolated from those supplying dry areas to prevent chain failures.
- Safety devices: Each circuit should be equipped with circuit breakers and residual current devices (RCDs).
:::example Practical Examples 📌
- Ensure that electrical circuits supplying submerged devices are well separated from those powering dry-area equipment.
- Regularly test the circuit breakers to ensure their effectiveness. :::
Subsection 7.100.3.4. Additional Equipotential Bonding
Fountains and water features require additional equipotential bonding to ensure optimal safety:
- Connecting metallic elements: All metallic parts in the basin or fountain (e.g., ladders, pumps) must be interconnected to equalize electrical potentials and prevent electric shocks.
- Grounding equipment: Use compliant protective conductors to connect these elements to the ground.
| Protection Measure | Description |
|---|---|
| Use of ELV | Reduces the risk of electrocution for circuits in contact with water. |
| IP68 Protection Rating | Ensures total waterproofing for submerged equipment. |
| Additional Equipotential Bonding | Equalizes potentials to prevent electric shocks. |
Ensure that all equipotential bonds are regularly inspected and maintained for maximum effectiveness.
Section 7.100.4. Selection and Installation of Electrical Equipment
Subsection 7.100.4.1. Electrical Conduits
Electrical conduits in fountain installations must withstand humidity and temperature variations:
- Mechanical protection: Cables must be protected against abrasion, impacts, and chemicals in the water. For example, using rigid PVC conduits or stainless steel pipes can help minimize physical damage while offering good corrosion resistance.
- Insulating materials: Use cables with insulation resistant to damp environments and UV exposure for outdoor installations. Rubber or silicone cables are recommended for their excellent durability.
Choose PVC or stainless steel conduits for better durability in aquatic conditions. These materials are particularly effective against corrosion and weathering.
Subsection 7.100.4.2. Electrical Equipment
The electrical equipment used in fountains must be specifically designed for aquatic environments:
- Submersible lighting: Lamps and projectors must be certified for underwater use, with reinforced insulation. Ensure that lights have a protection rating of at least IP68 for guaranteed safety.
- Pumps and motors: Choose waterproof models with overload protection, capable of operating safely in humid environments. For instance, pumps with an IP68 protection rating are ideal for these installations.
Note: Electrical components for fountains and water features must comply with IEC standards for underwater installations, ensuring reliability and increased safety for users and maintenance personnel. 🔍
:::example Practical Example 🌊 Use pumps certified with an IP68 rating to ensure safe operation in aquatic conditions. This helps prevent failures and ensures equipment longevity. :::
This approach ensures the durability and safety of aquatic installations while meeting safety requirements for public and private spaces.
CHAPTER 7.101. ROAD VEHICLES OR TRAILERS DURING PARKING
Section 7.101.1. Scope of Application
This chapter applies to parked road vehicles and trailers with active electrical installations, such as motorhomes, refrigerated transport trucks, event trailers, etc. The goal is to ensure the safety of occupants and prevent electrical incidents while in parked mode.
Section 7.101.2. Protection Against Electric Shocks
To protect against electric shocks, several precautions must be implemented:
-
Grounding connection: Vehicles must be grounded to prevent the buildup of electrical potential, especially during extended use. Grounding minimizes the risk of electric shocks.
-
Automatic disconnection devices: Installations must be equipped with automatic disconnection devices in case of short circuits or overloads to ensure optimal safety.
-
Cable insulation and protection: All cables must be properly insulated and resistant to weather, vibrations, and frequent movement to ensure durable protection.
| Protection | Description |
|---|---|
| Grounding connection | Connecting to the ground to prevent electric shocks |
| Automatic disconnection | Devices to automatically interrupt current in case of overload or short circuit |
| Enhanced cable insulation | Use of insulating materials resistant to mobile and stationary conditions |
⚠️ Warning: Failure to ground the vehicle may increase the risk of electrocution, especially in adverse weather conditions. Always make this connection before using electrical equipment inside the vehicle.
CHAPTER 7.102. PROTECTION AGAINST EXPLOSION RISKS IN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES
Section 7.102.1. Scope of Application
This chapter covers electrical installations in areas with explosive atmospheres due to the presence of flammable gases, vapors, or dust. It primarily applies to industrial environments, warehouses, and facilities handling potentially explosive substances.
Section 7.102.2. Terms and Definitions
In the context of explosion risk prevention, certain terms are essential, including:
- Explosive zone: An area where flammable mixtures may be present.
- Explosion-proof devices: Equipment designed to prevent any ignition of an explosion.
- Zone classification: Division of areas based on the frequency and duration of explosive atmospheres.
📚 Reminder: Familiarize yourself with specific terminology for a better understanding of regulatory requirements. A good grasp of technical terms facilitates the application of safety standards.
Section 7.102.3. General Prevention Measures
Prevention measures include:
- Ventilation: Ventilation must be optimized to disperse flammable gases. Mechanical ventilation systems may be required in high-risk areas.
- Control of ignition sources: Reduce or eliminate any potential ignition sources, such as sparks from non-explosion-proof equipment.
- Risk assessment: Regular assessments must be conducted to identify and manage risks.
| Measure | Description |
|---|---|
| Ventilation | Systems to disperse potentially explosive gases |
| Control of ignition sources | Reduction or elimination of equipment that can generate sparks |
| Risk assessment | Regular analysis to adjust precautions based on changes in the environment |
🚨 Caution: Environments at risk of explosion require special attention during the evaluation of prevention measures. Do not neglect these precautions, as they can save lives.
Section 7.102.4. Classification of Hazardous Areas
Zones are classified based on the risk of explosion:
- Zone 0: Constant or frequent presence of flammable gases or vapors.
- Zone 1: Occasional presence of flammable gases during normal operation.
- Zone 2: Rare presence of flammable gases, and only for short periods.
Section 7.102.5. Determination of Zones
The determination of zones allows for the adaptation of electrical installations based on risk levels. A thorough analysis must be conducted to establish the boundaries and classification of each zone.
Section 7.102.6. Documentation
Required documentation includes:
- Zoning plans: Precise determination of hazardous zones.
- Safety data sheets: Information on the flammable substances present.
- Inspection reports: Regular inspection reports to ensure compliance.
Section 7.102.7. Selection and Use of Electrical Equipment and Protection Systems
Equipment in hazardous areas must:
- Be explosion-proof: Prevent any propagation of an internal explosion.
- Have proper marking: Each device must be marked to indicate its level of protection.
Section 7.102.8. Installation of Electrical Equipment
Subsection 7.102.8.1. General Requirements
Installation must be carried out by qualified professionals, adhering strictly to safety standards specific to explosive areas. Particular attention must be given to every detail to ensure the safety of installations.
⚠️ Important: Installation by unqualified personnel can lead to serious accidents. Always work with certified professionals.
Subsection 7.102.8.2. Installation and Maintenance of Electrical Machines and Devices
Regular maintenance is essential. Equipment must be inspected for any wear or defects that could lead to an explosion. Here are some recommended practices:
- Regular inspections: Inspect installations at least once a year to ensure they continue to meet safety standards.
- Clear labeling: Each device should be labeled to indicate its last maintenance date.
| Installation and Maintenance | Description |
|---|---|
| Installation by experts | Only qualified installers to ensure safety |
| Regular maintenance | Check the condition of equipment to prevent any risk of accidents |
💡 Practical Tip: Keep an up-to-date maintenance log for each installation. This facilitates tracking and ensures nothing is missed during inspections. 🗓️
Subsection 7.102.8.3. Repair of Electrical Machines and Devices
Repairing electrical machines and devices in explosive atmospheres requires specific expertise. Repairs must be carried out by qualified professionals capable of meeting explosion-proof standards. The goal is to ensure that repairs do not compromise the safety of the installation in the explosive atmosphere.
- Use original parts: Always use approved components to maintain safety certifications.
- Post-repair inspection: After repair, conduct a thorough inspection to ensure the integrity of the equipment.
| Repair Step | Details |
|---|---|
| Use of original parts | Ensures compliance with explosion-proof standards |
| Post-repair inspection | Verifies safety integrity after the repair |
🚨 Warning: Improper repairs can increase the risk of explosion. Make sure to follow the applicable standards.
Subsection 7.102.8.4. Installation of Electrical Conduits
Electrical conduits in hazardous areas must be installed strictly following safety standards to prevent any incidents:
- Enhanced sealing: Conduits must be sealed to prevent the spread of flammable gases.
- Proper insulation: Insulation materials must be selected to withstand the specific conditions of explosive atmospheres.
🔍 Technical Detail: Conduits must meet IP (Ingress Protection) class standards to ensure effective sealing. Recommended minimum classes vary by zone (e.g., IP68 for immersion).
Subsection 7.102.8.5. Fault Current Protection Devices
In hazardous environments, fault current protection devices play a critical role:
- Leakage current detectors: Detect current leaks and trigger an alarm or cut off power if necessary.
- Continuous monitoring: These devices must be continuously monitored to respond quickly to any faults.
💡 Practical Advice: Install visual and audible alarm systems to alert personnel in case of fault detection. 📢
Subsection 7.102.8.6. Emergency Power Shutoff
Emergency power shutoff devices allow for rapid disconnection of power in case of an incident, preventing the escalation of risks.
- Accessibility: These devices must be easily accessible and clearly identifiable. Ensure that all employees know their location.
- Quick response: They must be activated rapidly when needed. Conduct regular drills to ensure staff are trained in their use.
Section 7.102.9. Protection Against Temperature Increases and Spark Formation
Subsection 7.102.9.1. General Information
In explosive atmospheres, protection against temperature increases is crucial, as high temperatures can trigger an explosion. Installations must be designed to maintain temperatures below critical thresholds.
⚠️ Warning: Uncontrolled temperature increases can lead to dangerous situations. Regularly monitor temperatures in the installations.
Subsection 7.102.9.2. Leakage or Fault Currents
Leakage currents can generate excessive heat and sparks. Detection devices are therefore required to:
- Identify leakage currents before they cause dangerous temperatures.
- Isolate faulty sections to prevent the risk of fire or explosion.
🚨 Alert: Do not underestimate the importance of rapid leakage current detection. It can save lives.
Subsection 7.102.9.3. Potential Equalization
Potential equalization is a measure aimed at reducing potential differences that could cause electrical arcs. It is achieved by connecting metallic elements to the same potential, usually the ground.
💡 Information: Potential equalization not only enhances safety but also extends the lifespan of equipment by minimizing unnecessary voltages.
Subsection 7.102.9.4. Galvanic Contact
Galvanic contact between different metals can lead to corrosion and sparking in explosive atmospheres. It is recommended to use barriers or coatings to prevent contact between incompatible metals.
| Measure | Description |
|---|---|
| Potential equalization | Reduces the risk of electrical arcs |
| Contact isolation | Prevents corrosion and spark formation |
⚠️ Caution: Failing to address galvanic contacts properly can lead to equipment failure and dangerous situations.
Subsection 7.102.9.5. Electrostatic Discharges
Electrostatic discharges can cause sparks. To limit them:
- Air humidification: Helps reduce the generation of electrostatic charges. Using humidifiers in critical environments can be beneficial.
- Use of conductive materials: Facilitates charge dissipation. Anti-static mats can also be an effective solution.
💡 Note: Electrostatic discharges are often underestimated, but they can have severe consequences in explosive environments.
Subsection 7.102.9.6. Cathodic Protection
Cathodic protection is used to reduce the corrosion of metal components in explosive atmospheres. It involves applying an electrical potential that neutralizes corrosive reactions.
💡 Advice: Regularly check cathodic protection systems to ensure they are functioning correctly and effectively protecting against corrosion.
Section 7.102.10. Exceptions for Equipment Selection
In certain situations, exceptions to specific equipment requirements may be permitted, but they must be justified by a risk assessment. These exceptions can only be applied when alternative measures provide equal or higher safety levels.
🔍 Information Point: Exceptions must always be documented and justified in the technical file of the installation. This documentation is essential for traceability and compliance.
CHAPTER 7.103. INDUSTRIAL ACCUMULATOR BATTERIES
Section 7.103.1. Scope of Application
This section applies to installations of industrial accumulator batteries. It covers aspects of protection, safety, and risk management associated with batteries to ensure safe operation and compliance with current standards. Relevant installations include direct current (DC) production systems for various industrial uses.
📌 Note: Accumulator batteries are used in a variety of applications, including backup power systems, electric vehicles, and industrial equipment. Proper management is crucial to prevent incidents.
Section 7.103.2. Terms and Definitions
Key terms related to industrial batteries include:
- Nominal voltage: The constant voltage provided by the battery under normal operating conditions.
- Direct current production: A system that provides a constant flow of electricity in a single direction.
- Production assembly: The set of components forming the battery system, including protective devices.
:::example 💡 Practical Example: A 12V battery used in an electric vehicle provides direct current, which is crucial for its operation. :::
Section 7.103.3. Protection Against Electric Shocks
Protection against electric shocks for battery installations must follow specific measures, depending on the nominal voltage of the system.
Subsection 7.103.3.1. General Information
Protection against electric shocks is essential for accumulator battery installations, as they generate continuous voltage. This protection may include:
- Terminal and cable insulation: To prevent direct contact.
- Safety barriers: Installed around high-voltage systems.
⚠️ Warning: Failure to follow safety measures when installing high-voltage systems can have fatal consequences. Adhere to strict safety protocols.
Subsection 7.103.3.2. Specific Requirements for Systems ≤ 60 V
For direct current systems with a voltage of 60 V or less, the risk of electric shock is relatively low, but precautions are still necessary:
- Cable insulation: To prevent accidental short circuits.
- Clear labeling: Indicating low-voltage areas.
🔍 Technical Detail: Although the voltage is low, high currents may be present. Proper cable management is essential.
Subsection 7.103.3.3. Requirements for Systems > 60 V and ≤ 120 V
For installations between 60 V and 120 V, the risks increase, requiring additional protections:
- Protective enclosures: Batteries must be placed in enclosures to prevent direct contact.
- Safety switches: Facilitate quick shutdown in case of failure.
| Type of Protection | Details |
|---|---|
| Protective enclosures | Prevent direct contact |
| Safety switches | Quick shutdown in case of failure |
🚨 Warning: Higher voltage systems require increased vigilance during installation and maintenance. Ensure all safety protocols are followed.
Subsection 7.103.3.4. Requirements for Systems > 120 V and ≤ 750 V
Battery installations between 120 V and 750 V require enhanced safety measures:
- Physical barriers: Limit unauthorized access.
- Regular inspections: Check the integrity of insulation and connections.
🔍 Information: Regular inspections include visual checks and continuity tests to ensure the systems are functioning properly.
Subsection 7.103.3.5. Requirements for Systems > 750 V
Systems above 750 V pose significant risks and require specialized equipment:
- Detection systems: To identify potential failures.
- Strict access control: Access limited to qualified and trained personnel.
⚠️ Warning: High-voltage systems must be handled with extreme care. Negligence can result in severe injuries or fatalities.
Subsection 7.103.3.6. Additional Requirements
In addition to specific requirements, accumulator battery installations must incorporate:
- Continuous monitoring: Detect any overheating or excessive discharge.
- Periodic maintenance: To ensure the durability and safety of the systems.
📚 Reminder: Maintaining a strict maintenance schedule helps prevent failures and prolong the lifespan of the equipment.
Section 7.103.4. Protection Against Explosion Risks
Industrial batteries present an explosion risk due to the flammable gases they may emit. Preventive measures are essential to ensure a safe environment.
Subsection 7.103.4.1. General Information
Battery systems must be equipped with devices to ventilate emitted gases and prevent any dangerous accumulation.
- Adequate ventilation: Maintain sufficient airflow to disperse gases.
- Alarm systems: Trigger an alert if gas levels become hazardous.
:::example 💡 Practical Example: Installing fans and gas detectors in battery storage rooms can help prevent dangerous accumulations. :::
To reduce the risk of explosion, all storage areas must be equipped with gas detectors sensitive to emissions specific to industrial batteries.
Subsection 7.103.4.2. Dedicated Areas for Fixed Accumulator Batteries
Areas dedicated to the installation of fixed accumulator batteries must meet strict requirements to ensure safety, performance, and durability.
-
Location and Design
Accumulator batteries must be installed in dedicated areas specifically designed to manage the associated risks. These locations should be isolated from high-traffic areas to minimize human exposure and equipped with access control systems to prevent unauthorized intervention.Requirement Description Isolation Limited access to trained technicians Access control systems Restricts access to professionals for safety reasons Distance from heat sources Batteries should be kept away from any heat source
🚨 Warning: An improper location for batteries can increase the risk of incidents. Adhere to safety requirements during installation planning.
-
Ventilation and Gas Control
Batteries emit potentially explosive gases. Therefore, dedicated areas must have adequate natural or mechanical ventilation to disperse these gases. Gas sensors may be installed to detect any dangerous accumulation. -
Protection Against Explosion Risks
Floors should be anti-static, and materials used in the construction of the rooms must be resistant to corrosive substances that may be emitted by the batteries.
🔍 Technical Detail: Using anti-static flooring can reduce the risk of electrostatic charge buildup, contributing to enhanced safety.
Subsection 7.103.4.3. Requirements for Cabinets, Enclosures, or Similar Housing for Accumulator Battery Groups
Cabinets and enclosures housing accumulator batteries must adhere to strict standards to contain potential chemical and electrical risks.
- Construction and Materials
Materials must be non-conductive and resistant to chemicals. The interior of the enclosures should allow for optimal ventilation to minimize the risk of gas accumulation.
💡 Practical Tip: Choose materials such as polypropylene or stainless steel to ensure durability and resistance to corrosion. 📌
- Labeling and Safety
Battery enclosures must be clearly labeled, indicating voltage levels, capacity, and safety precautions. This information ensures safer handling and facilitates quick intervention in case of issues.
| Feature | Requirements |
|---|---|
| Ventilation | Natural or assisted ventilation to limit gas accumulation |
| Anti-corrosive materials | Protection against chemical leaks |
| Labeling | Clear indications of hazards, precautions, and technical parameters |
⚠️ Caution: Inadequate labeling can lead to improper interventions, increasing the risk of accidents. Ensure proper signage is in place.
- Access and Intervention
Cabinets should be designed to allow safe access to the batteries, with protections against short circuits and alarm systems for temperature anomalies or leaks.
🔍 Important Note: Implementing an emergency response plan for battery repairs and maintenance is crucial to ensure technician safety.
CHAPTER 7.112. LOW-VOLTAGE DOMESTIC PHOTOVOLTAIC INSTALLATIONS (≤ 10 KVA)
Photovoltaic installations are growing in popularity and play a key role in the energy transition. The standards for the installation and maintenance of these systems must ensure long-term safety and efficiency.
Section 7.112.1. Scope of Application
This section applies to low-voltage domestic photovoltaic installations with a power rating of up to 10 kVA. It covers all stages, from design to commissioning, including testing and necessary reports to guarantee the installation’s compliance.
📌 Information: Photovoltaic systems allow households to reduce their energy dependence and lower their carbon footprint.
Section 7.112.2. Specific Measures
- Protection Against Electric Shocks
Photovoltaic installations generate high direct current voltages, requiring strict precautions. Panels and inverters must be protected against direct and indirect contact to prevent electric shock.
🚨 Warning: Direct contact with live components can be fatal. Follow safety procedures rigorously during installation.
-
Surge Protection
Installations must include surge protection devices against lightning strikes or grid faults. This typically involves using surge protectors at connection points. -
Grounding
Proper grounding is essential for safety. All components, including panel mounts, must be connected to the ground to dissipate surges and ensure the installation's safety.
| Requirement | Description |
|---|---|
| Shock protection | Insulation and safety devices |
| Surge protection | Surge arresters to prevent excessive discharges |
| Grounding | Prevents accidental surges |
🔍 Technical Detail: A well-designed grounding system is essential for the safety of photovoltaic systems, helping to prevent incidents in case of electrical failure.
Section 7.112.3. Testing and Measurements
Before commissioning, several tests are required to ensure that the installation operates safely and in compliance with standards:
- Continuity Tests: Ensure that all conductors are properly connected.
- Insulation Resistance Measurement: Verify that there are no dangerous current leaks.
- Protection Device Testing: Check that surge arresters and other protective devices function correctly.
💡 Practical Advice: Document all tests performed in a maintenance log to facilitate future inspections and ensure traceability. 📋
These tests must be documented in a detailed report and retained for future inspections.
Section 7.112.4. Reports
Control reports must include:
- Technical Information: Details of the components used, including panels, inverters, protection devices, and wiring.
- Test Results: Results from continuity, insulation, and protective device tests.
- Compliance with Standards: Confirmation that the installation meets current local and national safety standards for photovoltaic systems.
📚 Reminder: Keep copies of inspection reports and compliance certificates to protect against disputes or audits.
| Report Element | Details |
|---|---|
| Technical information | Components, brand, model, power rating |
| Test results | Continuity, insulation, protection |
| Compliance with standards | Adherence to national standards |
⚠️ Warning: Incomplete documentation can cause issues during inspections or emergency interventions. Ensure all reports are up to date and accessible.
Conclusion of Part 7 - Electrical Installations
Part 7 of the Belgian Electrical Regulations focuses on standards and requirements related to electrical installations in various contexts, including high-risk environments such as explosive atmospheres, as well as photovoltaic and industrial installations. These guidelines aim to ensure user safety, the reliability of electrical systems, and compliance with current regulatory standards.
Key points covered in this part include:
-
Protection Against Electric Shocks: Rigorous measures are necessary to prevent electrocution risks, especially through safety devices tailored to different voltage levels.
-
Preventive Measures Against Explosion Risks: Specific requirements must be followed to guarantee safety in explosive atmospheres, including adequate ventilation and ignition control.
-
Maintenance and Inspection of Equipment: Emphasizes the importance of regular maintenance and thorough inspections of electrical installations to prevent failures and ensure the longevity of systems.
-
Specific Standards for Photovoltaic Installations: Rules defined for domestic solar installations ensure the safe and efficient use of renewable energy.
By strictly adhering to these requirements, the safety and compliance of electrical installations are enhanced, minimizing potential risks and protecting both users and the environment.
-
Electrical Protection 🛡️: Implement protective devices to prevent electric shocks and ensure the safety of installations.
-
Explosion Risk Prevention 🔥: Ensure that installations in explosive atmospheres have adequate ventilation and gas detection measures in place.
-
Regular Maintenance 🔧: Schedule periodic inspections to verify the condition and proper functioning of electrical equipment.
-
Photovoltaic Standards ☀️: Follow specific standards for photovoltaic installations to ensure their safety and efficiency.
-
Comprehensive Documentation 📚: Keep detailed reports of inspections and tests conducted to ensure traceability and compliance.
By following these best practices, you ensure enhanced safety, consistent compliance, and efficient management of electrical installations in accordance with the Belgian Electrical Regulations.
Disclaimer:
The contents of this site, docs.bativolt.com, are provided by Bativolt, a licensed electrical company. Intended for educational purposes, they are based on our interpretation and experience with the Belgian Electrical Regulations. Bativolt cannot be held responsible for any misuse or misinterpretation of the regulations or our documentation.
Copyright © 2025 Bativolt. All rights reserved.
Reproduction of the content on this site, even partially, is prohibited without prior authorization.
